Firearm



May 31, 1927. 1,630,404

G. NICHOLSON FIREARM Filed July 11, 1925 5 sheets-sheet 1 Mig@ l INI-IUI atroz nog May 31, 1927. 1,630,404

` G. NICHOLSON FIREARM May 31,1927. 1,630,404

G. NICHOLSON FIREARM Filed July 11, 1925 asheets-sheet 3 Illll Patented May 3l., 1927.l

yFFME.

GUSTAVO NICHOLSON, OF- AQUINO, PARAGUAY.

FIREARM.

Application led July 11, 1925. Serial No. 43,026.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in lire-arms, and particularly to revolvers.

One object of the invention is to provide a iire-arni wherein the hammer is properly protected from accidental discharging movement. when cocked.

Another object is to provide a lire-arm wherein the mechanism is securely housed l against entrance o1 dust.

Another object is to improve and simplify the mechanism whereby the tire-arm maybe quickly and easily opened tor discharging empty shells, and tor reloading.

A further oh }ect is to provide a tire-arm :traine which is strong and durable, and wherein the barrel is properly and eii'ectively supported, against displacementvor. contortion, while at the same time permitting easy reloading.

A still further object is to provide a novel and improved con-struction of mechanism for revolving the cartridge cylinder.

Other objects and advantages will he ap- 9' parent Jfrom the tollowing description when. taken iii connection with the accompanying drawings.

lin the drawings.:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a revolver made in accordance with the present invenion.

Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal central sectional view through the revolver. showing the parts in normal position.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2. but showing the parts when cocked hy hand.

Figure 1- is a sectional view, similar to that ot' Figure 2. hut showingthe position of the parts when the trigger has loeen pulled. and thev revolver is ready to he discharged.

Figure 5 is a vertical transverse sectional view on the line 5,-5 ot' Figiire 2.

Figure (i is a sectional view. Similar to that ot Figure hut showing the cylinder carrying portion of the chamber as swung toward one side. to permit the extraction ot the empty shells. and reloading ot the cylinder.

Figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 7-7 ot Figure 2. looking downwardly.

Figure 8 is a horizontal longitudinal seetional view on the Vline 8-8 ot' Figure 2, looking downwardly.

' Figure 9 is a horizontal sectional View on 55 the line 9-9 ot Figure 2, looking upwardly.

Figure 10 is a horizontal detail sectional view on the line 101O of Figure 2.

l Referring particularly tothe accompanying` drawings, 10 represents the barrel ot' 60 the revolver, which'has7 on its rear end, the L-shaped frame portion 11. and on the lower end of a vertical portion ot the said trame 11 there is formed a. hook-like portion 12, to which reference will loe made later herein. On the rear end of the horizontal portion of the frame 11 there is formed a rearwardly extending rod or bolt 13. the rear end ot' which is .externally threaded. The pistolgrip is shown at 14, and on the upper end of said grip there is formed the trame 15, said frame having the upwardlyl extending portion 16. Formed longitudinally in this p0rtion 16 are the hores 17 and 18. in the former of which. is received the said holt or rod 13 75 nuts 19 and 20 the latter` being provided with notches for the reception of the blade ot a screwdriver. Onv this rod or holt .13, the trame 11. and barrel, are adapted to he swung, 'for the purpose of moving the eylin- 80 der for the extraction of empty shells7 and reloading the cylinder. as will appear laterv herein. Extending forwardly from the lower portion ot the frame 16. is an arm 21, and formed longitudinally inthis arm is a hore 22, the outer. end of which is countersunk, at 9.9. while the upper face of the arm is termed with an elongated opening 24. for the reception of the hook-like portion 12, said opening extending through the side of the arm and having the rearwardly extending lug Q5. 'for engagement within said hook. Slidahly disposed in the loorey 22 is a bolt Q6, having a cut out portion 27. in its upper side. and a V-shaped shoulder 28 at the rear 95 end ot' said cut out portion Jfor engagement in a correspondingly termed notch 29 in the rear .tace of the hook 12..whereloy to hold the arm 21 in locked. lout releasable engagement with the vertical portion ofV the L- shaped frame 11. In the inner end of the loorey 22, and hearingagainst the inner end ment ot the bolt. ln the bore 1S is disposed slides.

there is formed an clone tcdjrecess 38 in. which .isl disposed the tra limiting# the slidiiig'y iiioveni recess 40 in which is disposed the cylindrical member 41, which is adapted to rotate 'the engages in thenotch 29, lnY the llower side ofthe bolt 26 there is :formed an elongated recess 9" in which 1s disposed the transverse pin 32. whereby to limit the sliding` move the tiring pin 33. said pinhavingitsfifor ward endk reduced in diameter at. 34. to provide the shoulder against which the rear end ot the coil spr' e' 35 Vabiits. the other end of Vthe sifiriiinj bearing' against the shoulder 37. at the Forward endi ot the bore, and through which said reduced portion 34 In the lower sideot theV firing' pin pin. In the Yforward end of the' vertical er:V tension 16 thereis tormedihe'longitudinal cylinder 42 ci3 the revolrer.

Disposed longitudinally through the vertical portion ot' the `L-shaped traine 1L below the barrel. is a rod 43, the inner end of which is coupled to a'rod44whiich extends longitudinallv through the center of Vthe cylinder 42; k'.lhe'other end ot the rod '44 is provided with a fiat head 45, the periphery of which is formed lwith the *series-ot recesse-s 4G. resulting in the intermediate proiectionsor lingers 47, said recesses receiving' the bodies ot the cartridges 48, below the flanges thereof. and whereby, upon lon `gitudinal movement of the said rods 43 and 44. said head 45 will eject the shells of the cartridges from the bores of the cylinder 42. This is accomplished by pressing' inwardly on the outer end ofthe outer rod 43, which Y protrudes beyond the vertical portion ot' the frame 11, where it is provided with a milled or kniirled head 49. Formed on the frame 15. between the arm 21 and the grip 14, is the trigger guard 50. `and formed in the rear end of the arm 21.I and opening through the upper side ot the arm, is an elongated recess 51. and slidable in this recessv is a small block 52, the upper end ot which is arranged to engage successively in the notches or recessesi53 in the peripheral face ot the cylinder 42. In the recess 51, below the block 52v and arranged to resiliently urge the block upwardly. is a coil spring 54. Pivotaily supported on the block 52 is an L-shaped member 55, a spring 56 being' arranged between the member 55 and the block whereby to urge the member in the direction ot the trigger 5T. which trigger is pivotally mounted in the frame 15. above the guard 50. and has its tlngjerpiece 58 disposed within the `guard, as seen in the drawings. Formed on the forward side of the trigger 57, and arranged to engage the horizontal portion ktween the link andthe trigger.

of this horizontal boiftion ot themenibei' l beingi beveled at whereby to permit the said nose to .readily passthe said portion,L

when niovinggl upwardly, and to engage and depress `the member, Awhen ii'ioviuo` downwardly. In the rear of the vupper portieri `of thev frame 15 there is torineda vertical opening G1, and pivoted within the trame7 'pivoted at one fend to this projection is a,

. of member 55? 'isa nose 595 thelower face c nu vi linltvGS, said link including the parallel side bars 59, conneetedat their ends by the trans verse pins TO and 71 and the intermediate y wider and tlatportion 72. The pin is en paged through an opening` in the projection 67, and VJforms the pivotal connectionl be pin k71.is-engaged in the notch 65, ot the pivotal portion ot the hammer 62. Mountf ed on the forward wall of tl'ieinterior of the grip 14 is averticalljgf arrangedr mcniibcr 7?),

having the central longitudinal groove 74,

inwhich is received the rib 75 of the slidable is 'formed hollow memhcrTG, is a pin or post 78, a coi-l spring 7 9 being' arranged within the member 76. and normally urging said mcml'ier upwardly. Pivotallv connected to one side of the slidable member T6 is an upwardly extendingi arm (a t-heI upper end ot which is formed with a head 81 engaged in the notch 66 of the hammer. In the extension 16, below the recess 40, there is :formed :i longitudinal channel S2, and slidable in this channel is the block 83. On the upper 'side of the forward end ot the block 83 there formed a luf; 84 which engages in the Se shaped groove 85. of the cylindrical meniber 41 :tor rotating' the latter. Removably secured to the side of the grip 14, and the ezttension 16, of the frame 15, is a. plate 86, and formed on the'inner tace ot this plate is a lug' 87. having a semiciicular recess which receives the peripherally `grrooved rear end ot the member 41. A similar lug 88 is formed on the. extension 1G toi* ciil gageinent in the groove ot the member 41, at the other side thereofg whereby said meinber is held against any longitudinal movement, while being permitted 'tree rotation within the recess 40. lin the lower side ol the forward end ot the slidable block 53 there is formed a notch. 89, and within this notch is disposed the upper end of the projection 67, ot the trigger. said lug beine4 arranged to move the block 83 longitudinally The other :Hill

within the channel 82. The rear end of the channel 82 is slightly deeper than the main port-ion thereof, as shown at 90, and dis posed 'for slid-able movement in this deeper port-ion 90 is the pawl 91, said pawl being slidablre, also, in. thev groove or recess 92, formed inthe lower side of the block 83, and having an upwardly exten-ding lug- 93 Jfor engagement with the end walls ol said recess 92, to limit the movement of the pawl', and whereby said pawl is arranged to be moved bythe block. A coil spring- 94 urges the pawl into the notch 64, of the hammer. Below the portion 9.0 of the channel 82' there is formed a tapered project-ion 95, with which is arranged to engage the beveled shoulder 96, of the link 68, for a purpose which will presently'be explained. Formed vertically through the rear end of the block 83 is an opening 97;', and dispos-ed within this opening` is the Vertical arm of the L- shaped safety latch 9S. the horizontal arm of which is arranged to lie, at` times, .torwardly of the hammer, whereby to prevent contact ot the latter with the rear endV of the tiri-ng pin'. In the upper side ot the trigger there is formed a recess 99, and disposed within this recess, and bearing with its upper end against the link 68, is a coi-l spring 100, said spring serving' to urge the link upwardly to engage its rear pin 71 in the notch 66..

ln the upper side ou the member 41 there is formed a longitudinal groove, the rear portion of which is deeper than the main portion thereof to pro-vide the shoulder 102, the said groove being` representedV by the ninnera-l 101. Slidable in this groove is the pawl 1031.. the forward end ot which is pro` vided with a beveled nose 104 'for engagement with the ratchet teeth 105.,v formed on the head 45, in surrounding relation to the renter thereof. The pawl `has a downwardly extend-ing lug 106 which plays in the groove between the shoulder 102i and the rear -end ot the groove, a coil spring; 107 beinge arranged between the rea-r end of the pawl and the rear end wall of the groove, tor the purpose oit' urging the pawl into eugagement with the said ratchet teeth 105.

lu the upper arm ot' the frame 11 there tornred a longitudinal slot 10S, and pirotally mounted in this slot a springT pressed ldetent 109, one end of which is 'formed with a lun' 110 t'or engagement with the rear end of the cylinder 42, for holding' the latter against displacement, when the trame 11 is swung' on the rod 13. Encircling the rod 44, within the central bore ot the cylinder 42, .is a coil spring' 44, one end et' which bars against shoulder formed in the rear end of the central bore o't' the cylinder 42. while the other end bears against the coupling sleeve between the rods. whereby upon rearward Y movement oft the rods, when pressure is applied to the head 49, the head 45 will eject the empty shells'rom the cylinder, and the spring be compressed.. Upon release ot' the rods,` the spring will expand and restore the parts to ntufinal position so that the head will. lie beneath the 'flanges of the car tridges.

rl"he ,side faces of the h miner 52 are knnrled to provide an etilcient grip for cockine' the same by hand.

lhen the parts are in their normal posi.- tion, as shown in Figure'Q, and the cylinder 4Q properly loaded y-fith cartride'es, upon pulling' the trigger rearwardly the nose 59, ot the trie'ger will engage on the nose 55 ot' the member which causes the downward morement ot the block 52, whereby to release its upper end from a notch of the cy'lind 2. Sinniltaneously with this operation or the member 55, the projection 67 iroves the bl ck 83 forwardly. in the direction ot' the cylinder42, and at the same time draws the link 68 forwardly. As the block S3 moves vforwardly its lng S4, engaging in the @fi-shapedA `:groove 85, causes the member 41 to be partially rotated, with the result that the pawl 103 engages with a tooth ot the head nd rotate the cylinder 42 one; step. As the trigger swings forwardly the lirhr operates on the hammer 62, through the engagement of the pin1 in the notch 6G, of the pivotal portion ot' the hammer, tov swing` the hammer rearwardly. rlf'his rockingr mortar-,ent of the hammer pushes the nicniber 7G downwardly, throughl the medium of the arm 80, whereby to compress the springl- 7 9. lVhen the hammer Vhas been .sn-'ung to a certain degree the pawl. 91 is urged into the notch 64, by the spring 94. whereby the hannner is held in cocked position. The block 83 is carried forwardly by the trigger until therear end wall of its recess 92 engages with the luel 93, of the pawl 91, when said pawl is moved forwardlyout of the notch (34, thus releasing` the hannner so that the expansive torce ot'v the spring- 79 will, through the medium of the arm urge the hammer forwardly into strikingA engagement with theiiring pin 33, which .tiring pin is driven forwardly against the cartridgev in the cylinder 42. vThis compresses the spring 36, so that said spring will cause the tiring pin to recoil and torce the hannner backwardly to permit the pawl 103 to again engage a tooth 105, ready for the next turning' action on the cylinder 42. The spring' 100 causes the restoration ot th-e trie'- ,eer to normal position, which at the saine timeurg'es the link (5S upwardly and reene its pin 71 within the notclr05. Simultaneously withthe release oi the pawl 91 trom the notch 04, the shoulder 96. of the link 68 engages and rides on vthe tapered projection. causing the link to be depressed so as to disengage its pin T1 fron'i the notch 65. As the trigger moves toward normal position its projection 59 trips the member 52, so as Ato swing the same out of the way, the spring 54 immediately restoring the said member into normal position with its nose beneath the projection 59, ready for the next operation.. when the trigger is again pressed back. lt will be noted that when the block S3 nieves forwardly, the safety latch 98 is rocked so that its hori- Zontal arm swings downwardly out of the path of the hammer, whereby the hammer may properly advance to strike the firing pin. lWhen the parts are restored to normal position. the block S3, by its engagement with the latch 93 rocks said latch so as to dispose its .horizontal arm in the path ot the hammer, whereby to hold the hammer at a safe distance rearwardly ot' the rear end ot the firing pin.

lhen cocked by hand the parts assume the position shown in Figure and upon a. slight rearward pull on the trigger. the pawl 91 will be released trom the notch 64, and the pin 71 released from the notch 65, thus permitting the hammer to be thrown forwardly into striking engagement with the firing pin, under the influence ot the A spring 79.

Then it is desired to extract the empty shells, the bolt 26 is pushed inwardly, whereby to release the shoulder 2S from the notch 29, and thus permit the barrel, and the frame l1, .to be swung sidewise. The rod 43 is then pushed inwardly to cause the head 45 to discharge the shells from the cylinder 42. Upon release of the rod or bolt 43 the spring 44 returns the ejector head 45 to its normal position against the rear end of the cylinder 42. The detent 108 holds the cylinder 42 from movement from the rod 44, when the fire arm is opened, as alcove explained, but ii' it is desired to remove the cylinder from the rod, the spring pressed end of the detent is depressed, whereby to disengage its lug 110 from the cylinder. V

That is claimed is:

l.. A firearm including a "frame, a barrel, a cylinder, a hammer, and a trigger, means operable by the trigger, upon initial movement thereof, tor cocking' the hammer, trigger actuated means for rotating the cylinder upon partial movement thereof, means on the rotating means for engagement with the hammer when the latter is in cocked position to hold the same in such position until the cylinder has been rotated, and means operable bythe trigger, upon final movement thereoit for completing the movement of the rotating means whereby to release the hammer holding means.

2. A firearm including a frame, a barrel, a cylinder, a hammer, and a trigger, means for rotating the cylinder, means operable by the ltrigger for actuating said rotating means, means carried by the last-named means for engagement with the hammer to hold the latter in cocked position and re leasable upon the completion o'l' the cylinder rotating operation, means carried by the trigger and engaged with the hammer tor cocking the latter, upon initial movement of the former, and a hammer impelling means operatively connected with the hammer and actuated into set position upon cooking movement oit the hammer.

3. A firearm includingl a hammer, a trigger, and a cylinder, a rotatable means for turning the cylinder a single step, a. trign ger actuated means operably engaged with the rotatable means for rotating the same` a detent carried by the trigger actuated means and urged into engagement with the hammer, means connected with the trigger and engaged'with the hammer for cooking the latter' upon initial movement of the torrner, spring means for impelling the hamn'ier, means operable `by the hammer, upon cooking thereof, for compressing the spring means, said detent being arranged to be withdrawn from engagement with the hammer upon iinal movement of the trigger, and means for releasing the trigger carried means from the hammer upon final movement otl the trigger.

4. A firearm including a trigger, a hammer, a cylinder, and a compressible hammer impelling means, a slidable member operatively engaged by the trigger, a pawl for engagement with the hammer, means ou the pawl for engagement by the slidable member whereby to move the pawl into and out of engagement with t-he hammer, means carried by the trigger and urged into engagement with the hammer for cocking the latter, means operable by the hammer, upon cooking movement of the latter, for compressing the im'pelling means, and means operable by the slidable member for rotating the cylinderV a single step.

5. A firearm including a rotatable cylinder, a hammer, and a trigger, a rota-table slotted member, a resiliently urged means carried by the slotted member tor engagement with the cylinder for rotation thereof, a slidable member operatively connected with the trigger for movement thereby, means on the slidable member for rotating the rotatable slotted member, means normally urged into engagement with the cylinder for holding the latter against rotation, and means operable by the trigger for releasing the cylinder holding means.

G. A iirearm including a rotatable cylinder, a hammer, and a trigger, the hammer having a pivotal vportion provided with notches, means movably carried by the trigger and engaged in one ot said notches for cocking the hammer, a slidable member actuated by the trigger and having spring pressed means engaging in another notch of the hammer when the latter is in cooked position for holding the latter in such position, a cylinder rotating means operable by the slidable member, said hammer holding means being releasable from the hammer by the slidable member upon completion of the Cylinder rotating operation thereof, a hammer impelling spring, and means engaged With the spring and With the hammer Whereby to compress said spring upon cooking movement of the hammer.

In testimony whereof, affix my signa ture.

GUSTAVO NICHOLSON 

